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The peanut, scientifically referred to as *Arachis hypogaea* and commonly known as the groundnut, represents a leguminous crop cultivated predominantly for its nutrient-rich edible seeds. Extensively propagated across tropical and subtropical regions, it holds significant value for both subsistence farmers and large-scale commercial enterprises. Unlike most leguminous plants, the peanut exhibits a unique biological adaptation known as geocarpy, wherein its pods mature subterraneously rather than above ground. Recognizing this remarkable trait, the eminent botanist Carl Linnaeus aptly designated the species epithet *hypogaea*, derived from Greek, meaning "beneath the earth."
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